Advanced Placement (AP) English Literature Practice Exam

What defines realism in literature?

1. Focus on imaginative and fanciful elements

2. Presentation of the details of actual life

3. Use of elaborate and romantic narratives

4. Emphasis on metaphorical language

The correct answer is: Presentation of the details of actual life

Realism in literature is defined by its focus on the presentation of the details of actual life. This genre seeks to represent everyday experiences and the ordinary circumstances of people, often portraying the struggles and norms of society without embellishment or idealization. Realist writers strive for authenticity in their storytelling, often addressing social issues and the complexities of human behavior in a straightforward manner. While imaginative and fanciful elements are characteristics of other literary movements such as Romanticism, realism steers clear of idealized visions and fantastical elements, opting instead for a grounded depiction of life as it is. Similarly, realism does not employ elaborate narratives or excessive romanticism; instead, it emphasizes clear, unadorned prose that reflects reality. Additionally, while metaphorical language may have its place in various literary forms, realism usually favors a more direct approach in which the language is accessible and representative of the common experiences of life, making option B the defining characteristic of realism.