Advanced Placement (AP) English Literature Practice Exam

Which of the following best defines a euphemism?

1. A direct and blunt expression of truth

2. A pleasant substitute for an unpleasant term

3. A historical account of events

4. A form of literary sarcasm

The correct answer is: A pleasant substitute for an unpleasant term

A euphemism is best defined as a pleasant substitute for an unpleasant term because it involves using softer or more gentle language to avoid directly addressing something that may be considered harsh, offensive, or uncomfortable. For example, people might use "passed away" instead of "died" to soften the impact of the news. This technique helps to maintain politeness or sensitivity towards the feelings of others, particularly in difficult conversations. The other options do not accurately capture the essence of a euphemism. A direct and blunt expression of truth would go against the nuanced nature of euphemisms, which seek to obscure or soften the starkness of reality. A historical account of events pertains to storytelling and documentation, unrelated to the linguistic modeling of uncomfortable ideas. Finally, a form of literary sarcasm involves irony and mockery rather than the tactful or considerate language that defines euphemisms.